Abstract
Gamma and electron beam radiation would be considered as an attractive method of sterilisation for medical grade polyurethane, due to the radiation resistance provided by the material. However, extremely high irradiation doses can alter the structure and/or function of macromolecules, resulting in oxidation, chain scission and crosslinking. This chapter reviews various topics related to the radiosterilisation of polymers with regards to the technologies used, the effects of radiation on polymers and the mechanisms related to modification and degradation processes that have been reported in the literature. A concise history outlining the development of polyurethane materials is explored; while the behaviour of this material under radiation conditions will be discussed. The importance of environmental conditions and in particular the temperature of the polyurethane material during radiation exposure is highlighted. A detailed account of the behaviour of the material in terms of the thermal, structural, mechanical and surface characteristics will be analysed using experimental data. While it is clear following critical appraisal that irradiated virgin polyurethane will not suffice as an acceptable material for medical device applications, there is methods that yield a high probability for. the successful stabilisation of polyurethane material to reduce/eliminate radiation degradation.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Title of host publication | Biological Responses, Monitoring and Protection from Radiation Exposure |
| Publisher | Nova Science Publishers, Inc. |
| Pages | 115-148 |
| Number of pages | 34 |
| ISBN (Electronic) | 9781634638715 |
| ISBN (Print) | 9781634638524 |
| Publication status | Published - 1 Jan 2015 |