Children's depression, gender and age norms for an Irish national (primary) school population

Objectives: To provide normative data for older national (primary) school children, broken down by age and gender, for the Children's Depression Inventory-Short version (CDIS) and revised norms for the Children's Depression Inventory-Parent version (CDI-P) and its subscales. Method: Forty-three randomly selected national schools took part in this study. Participants were 1,255, fifth and sixth class, Irish national school children who completed the Children's Depression Inventory Short Form (CDI-S). In total 1,018 parents completed the corresponding parent form, the Children's Depression Inventory-Parent version (CDI-P). Results: Norms for the CDI-S and the CDI-P subscales were produced. Revised norms for the CDI-P are proposed. Results revealed no significant age or gender difference in depressive symptomatology as measured by respondent's CDI-S and total CDI-P scores. Parent's ratings of their children's depression levels (CDI-P) and children's selfreported depression levels (CDI-S) were ignificantly correlated. The CDI-S and CDI-P displayed good internal reliability. Conclusion: Results indicate the utility of both the CDIS and the CDI-P for assessing depressive symptoms in national school children in Ireland. This study confirms that national school children do display symptoms of depression. School based policies, materials and services supporting and promoting positive mental health should be developed, implemented and resourced.